SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF APOLOGY FORMULAS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES

Abstract

This article is devoted to the semantic analysis of apology formulas in English and Uzbek languages. Apology expressions play an important role in communication as they help maintain social harmony and politeness between speakers. The study examines the semantic features, communicative functions, and pragmatic meanings of apology expressions in both languages. The research also identifies similarities and differences between English and Uzbek apology formulas and explains them from linguistic and cultural perspectives. The analysis shows that apology expressions in both languages share common semantic components such as regret, responsibility, request for forgiveness, and explanation. However, Uzbek apology expressions tend to be more expressive and polite, while English apology formulas are often shorter and more standardized. The results of the research can be useful for comparative linguistics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, and intercultural communication studies.