KEY ASPECTS OF MAINTAINING THE SOCIAL ROLE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN A MARKET ECONOMY

Abstract

This paper explores the features of ensuring the social functions of public transport under market economy conditions. Public transport, as a critical element of urban infrastructure, plays a key role in guaranteeing mobility, social inclusion, and accessibility, particularly for vulnerable population groups such as low-income individuals, the elderly, and people with disabilities. The transition to market-based mechanisms in public transport has raised challenges related to affordability, service coverage, and equitable access. The study analyzes how regulatory frameworks, public-private partnerships, and targeted subsidies can help maintain the social function of transport systems while promoting operational efficiency and financial sustainability. Through a comparative analysis of international experiences and policy tools, the paper offers recommendations for balancing economic viability with social responsibility in the management of public transportation systems. The findings highlight the need for integrated planning, adaptive regulation, and inclusive governance to ensure that market-oriented reforms do not compromise the public service mandate of transport systems.